Accessibility & Universal Design
ADA and universal design standards: clear widths, reach ranges, turning space, and ramps.
Wheelchair Clear Floor Space
Minimum unobstructed floor space for a stationary wheelchair to approach and use an element.
Wheelchair Turning Space (360°)
Minimum floor space for a wheelchair to make a complete turn, as a circle or T-shaped space.
Accessible Door Clear Width
Minimum clear width of an accessible doorway, measured with the door open 90°.
Accessible Route Width
Minimum continuous clear width of an accessible pedestrian route.
Ramp Running Slope
Maximum running slope for an accessible ramp, expressed as a rise-to-run ratio.
Accessible Ramp Handrail Height
Height of handrails required on ramp runs with a rise greater than 6 in.
Forward Reach Range
Maximum and minimum heights for controls and elements reached from a seated position facing forward.
Side Reach Range
Maximum and minimum heights for controls and elements reached from a seated position, approached sideways.
Accessible Toilet Clear Floor Space
Minimum clear floor space around an accessible water closet for a side transfer.
Grab Bar Height (Toilet)
Mounting height for grab bars beside and behind an accessible water closet.
Accessible Parking Space & Access Aisle
Minimum width of an accessible car parking space and its adjoining access aisle.
Accessible Counter / Desk Height
Maximum work surface height and required knee clearance beneath, for seated wheelchair use.